a) Name three supportive tissues in woody plants. (3 marks) b) State three functions of the endoskeleton. (3 marks) c) Explain how the girdles are adapted to their functions. (14 marks)

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a) - xylem;
- sclerenchyma;
- collenchyma;
b) - Protect inner delicate organs;
- Site for muscle attachment;
- Bring about locomotion;
- Give body shape;
- Provide support to the body;
First 3
c) -Girdles comprise pectoral girdle; Pelvic girdle;
-Pectoral girdle comprise the clavicle; and scapula; scapula has glenoid cavity;
articulate with head of humerus; to form ball and socket joint;
scapula has coracoids process; metacramion; acromion; spine; provide site for muscle attachment;
Pelvic girdle comprise of 3 fused bones;
-The two halves of pelvic girdle articulate at pubic symphysis;
to offer support to upper parts of the body;
- On either side of pelvic girdle are cup shaped acetabulum; articulate with femur; form ball and socket joint;
- At the pubis is the obturator foramen; passage of blood vessels; on dorsal side the pelvic girdles have articular facets; articulate with sacrum of the axial skeleton;
Total 22 (max 16)

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