a. OUTLINE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MERISTEMATIC TISSUES .[4MKS] b. STATE AND DESCRIBE THE TYPES OF MERISTEMS. [16MKS]
a.
Outline the characteristics of the meristematic tissues .[4mks]
Characteristics
of meristematic tissues
Retain the ability to divide mitotically
Remain undifferentiated
Cells are thin walled
Cells with large nucleus
Cells with dense cytoplasm
The cells have high density of mitochondria ;
b.
State and describe the types of meristems. [16mks]
b)i) Apical
meristems;
Found
at the root and shoot apex; they are responsible of increase in length of shoot
and root i.e. primary growth; at the apex are the zones of cell division; cell elongation;
and cell Differentiation;
ii) Vascular cambium;
Found
between the xylem and phloem of woody plants; cells decide to give rise to
secondary xylem and phloem; resulting to increase in girth/diameter;
secondary parenchyma; is formed between adjacent vascular bundles resulting to
secondary growth.
iii) Cork Cambium;
Located
beneath the Epidermis; Divides to form secondary cortex; and corky cells; (to
the inside and outside respectively Preventing rapturing of the stem and root
when vascular cambium increase in girth.
iv) Intercalary
meristem;
Found
at internodes and base of leaf sheath; are responsible for increase in length
of leaf and
nodes;
(Max 16 points)
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