DESCRIBE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE PARTS OF A MAMMALIAN SKIN. (20 MKS)
Parts and functions.
- Cornified layer; for protecting the skin; against mechanical damage and bacterial infection
- Cornified layer; also protects the skin against water loss;
- Granular layer; cells divide to give rise to cornified layer;
- Malphighian layer; cells divide to give rise to granular layer;
- It contains melanin which protects the skin against UV light;
- Sebaceous gland; -produce oily secretion which is antiseptic; and protects the body against micro-organisms; Sebum makes skin supple; and waterproof. This protects the skin from drying and desiccation;
- Blood vessels; bring oxygen; and food; to the skin and also remove waste products; from the
- skin. Blood vessels also control body temperature;
- Nerve ending; enable mammals to detect changes in the external environment;
- Sweat glands; produce sweat; and when sweat evaporates, it brings cooling of the body;
- Sweat also removes waste products from the body;
- Skin has hair or fur which also maintains body temperature’
- Subcutaneous fat; in the dermis insulates the body against heat loss or gain; also acts as a store for fats.
20 marks
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