a)Outline the characteristics of the meristematic tissues . (4 marks) b) Describe the types and roles of meristems
a) Characteristics of meristematic tissue
(4 marks)
b) Describe the types and roles of meristems
i) Apical meristems
- Retain the ability to divide mitotically
- Remain undifferentiated
- Cells are thin walled ;
- Cells with large nucleus ;
- Cells with dense cytoplasm;
- Cells have high density of mitonchondria;
(4 marks)
b) Describe the types and roles of meristems
i) Apical meristems
- Found near the root and shoot apex;
- They are responsible of increase in length of shoot and root / primary growth ;
- At the apex are the zones of cell division; cell elongation ; and cell Differentiation ;
- Found between the xylem and phloem of woody plants;
- Cells give rise to secondary xylem and phloem;
- Resulting to increase in girth / Diameter ;
- Secondary parenchyma ; is formed between adjacent vascular bundles resulting to secondary growth ;
- Located beneath the Epidermis;
- Divides to form secondary cortex ; and corky cells ; ( to the inside and outside respectively
- Prevents rapturing of the stem and root when vascular cambium increase in girth
- Found at internodes and base of leaf sheath ;
- Responsible for increase in length of leaf and nodes;
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